Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1942/15086
Title: Impact of a stepwise introduction of smoke-free legislation on the rate of preterm births: analysis of routinely collected birth data
Authors: COX, Bianca 
Martens, Evelyne
Nemery, Benoit
VANGRONSVELD, Jaco 
NAWROT, Tim 
Issue Date: 2013
Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
Source: BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 346 (f441)
Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of preterm delivery in the Belgian population after implementation of smoke-free legislation in three phases (in public places and most workplaces January 2006, in restaurants January 2007, and in bars serving food January 2010). Design Logistic regression analyses on routinely collected birth data from January 2002 to December 2011. Setting Flanders, Belgium. Population All live born singleton births delivered at 24-44 weeks of gestation (n=606 877, with n=448 520 spontaneous deliveries). Main outcome measures Preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks). Results We found reductions in the risk of preterm birth after the introduction of each phase of the smoking ban. No decreasing trend was evident in the years or months before the bans. We observed a step change in the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery of -3.13% (95% CI -4.37% to -1.87%; P<0.01) on 1 January 2007 (ban on smoking in restaurants), and an annual slope change of -2.65% (-5.11% to -0.13%; P=0.04) after 1 January 2010 (ban on smoking in bars serving food). The analysis for all births gave similar results: a step change of -3.18% (-5.38% to -0.94%; P<0.01) on 1 January 2007, and an annual slope change of -3.50% (-6.35% to -0.57%; P=0.02) after 1 January 2010. These changes could not be explained by personal factors (infant sex, maternal age, parity, socioeconomic status, national origin, level of urbanisation); time related factors (underlying trends, month of the year, day of the week); or population related factors (public holidays, influenza epidemics, and short term changes in apparent temperature and particulate air pollution). Conclusion Our study shows a consistent pattern of reduction in the risk of preterm delivery with successive population interventions to restrict smoking. This finding is not definitive but it supports the notion that smoking bans have public health benefits from early life.
Notes: [Cox, Bianca; Vangronsveld, Jaco; Nawrot, Tim S.] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Martens, Evelyne] Study Ctr Perinatal Epidemiol, Brussels, Belgium. [Nemery, Benoit; Nawrot, Tim S.] Univ Leuven KU Leuven, Dept Publ Hlth, Louvain, Belgium.
Keywords: Medicine, General & Internal
Document URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1942/15086
ISSN: 0959-535X
e-ISSN: 1756-1833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f441
ISI #: 000315088800009
Category: A1
Type: Journal Contribution
Validations: ecoom 2014
Appears in Collections:Research publications

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