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Title: | Combined Effects of Prenatal Exposures to Environmental Chemicals on Birth Weight | Authors: | Govarts, Eva Remy, Sylvie BRUCKERS, Liesbeth Den Hond, Elly Sioen, Isabelle Nelen, Vera Baeyens, Willy NAWROT, Tim Loots, Ilse Van Larebeke, Nick Schoeters, Greet |
Issue Date: | 2016 | Publisher: | MDPI AG | Source: | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH, 13 (5) | Abstract: | Prenatal chemical exposure has been frequently associated with reduced fetal growth by single pollutant regression models although inconsistent results have been obtained. Our study estimated the effects of exposure to single pollutants and mixtures on birth weight in 248 mother-child pairs. Arsenic, copper, lead, manganese and thallium were measured in cord blood, cadmium in maternal blood, methylmercury in maternal hair, and five organochlorines, two perfluorinated compounds and diethylhexyl phthalate metabolites in cord plasma. Daily exposure to particulate matter was modeled and averaged over the duration of gestation. In single pollutant models, arsenic was significantly associated with reduced birth weight. The effect estimate increased when including cadmium, and mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) co-exposure. Combining exposures by principal component analysis generated an exposure factor loaded by cadmium and arsenic that was associated with reduced birth weight. MECPP induced gender specific effects. In girls, the effect estimate was doubled with co-exposure of thallium, PFOS, lead, cadmium, manganese, and mercury, while in boys, the mixture of MECPP with cadmium showed the strongest association with birth weight. In conclusion, birth weight was consistently inversely associated with exposure to pollutant mixtures. Chemicals not showing significant associations at single pollutant level contributed to stronger effects when analyzed as mixtures. | Notes: | [Govarts, Eva; Den Hond, Elly; Schoeters, Greet] Flemish Inst Technol Res VITO, Environm Risk & Hlth, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Remy, Sylvie] Univ Antwerp, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Bruckers, Liesbeth] Hasselt Univ, Interuniv Inst Biostat & Stat Bioinformat, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Sioen, Isabelle] Univ Ghent, Dept Publ Hlth, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Sioen, Isabelle] FWO Res Fdn, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Nelen, Vera] Prov Inst Hyg, Dept Hlth, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Baeyens, Willy; Van Larebeke, Nick] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Analyt Environm & Geochem AEGC, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium. [Nawrot, Tim S.] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Nawrot, Tim S.] Leuven Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. [Loots, Ilse] Univ Antwerp, Fac Polit & Social Sci, Dept Sociol, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Schoeters, Greet] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biomed Sci, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Schoeters, Greet] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Environm Med, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark. | Keywords: | endocrine disruptors; mixtures; principal component analysis; regression analysis; birth outcome; epidemiology; biomonitoring; cord blood;endocrine disruptors; mixtures; principal component analysis; regression analysis; birth outcome; epidemiology; biomonitoring; cord blood | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/21704 | ISSN: | 1661-7827 | e-ISSN: | 1660-4601 | DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph13050495 | ISI #: | 000377256900052 | Rights: | © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2017 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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