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Title: | Placental mitochondrial DNA and CYP1A1 gene methylation as molecular signatures for tobacco smoke exposure in pregnant women and the relevance for birth weight | Authors: | JANSSEN, Bram GYSELAERS, Wilfried Byun, Hyang-Min ROELS, Harry CUYPERS, Ann Baccarelli, Andrea NAWROT, Tim |
Issue Date: | 2017 | Source: | Journal of Translational Medicine, 15 (Art N° 5) | Abstract: | Background: Maternal smoking during pregnancy results in an increased risk of low birth weight through perturbations in the utero‑placental exchange. Epigenetics and mitochondrial function in fetal tissues might be molecular signatures responsive to in utero tobacco smoke exposure. Methods: In the framework of the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort, we investigated the effect of self‑reported tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy on birth weight and the relation with placental tissue markers such as, (1) relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content as determined by real‑time quantitative PCR, (2) DNA methylation of specific loci of mtDNA (D-loopand MT-RNR1), and (3) DNA methylation of the biotransformation gene CYP1A1(the last two determined by bisulfite‑pyrosequencing). The total pregnant mother sample included 255 non‑smokers, 65 former‑smokers who had quit smoking before pregnancy, and 62 smokers who continued smoking during pregnancy. Results: Smokers delivered newborns with a birth weight on average 208 g lower [95% confidence interval (CI) −318 to −99, p = 0.0002] than mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy. In the smoker group, the relative mtDNA content was lower (−21.6%, 95% CI −35.4 to −4.9%, p = 0.01) than in the non‑smoker group; whereas, absolute mtDNA methylation levels of MT-RNR1 were higher (+0.62%, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.02%, p = 0.003). Lower CpG‑specific methylation of CYP1A1in placental tissue (−4.57%, 95% CI −7.15 to −1.98%, p < 0.0001) were observed in smokers compared with non‑smokers. Nevertheless, no mediation of CYP1A1methylation nor any other investigated molecular signature was observed for the association between tobacco smoke exposure and birth weight. Conclusions: mtDNA content, methylation of specific loci of mtDNA, and CYP1A1methylation in placental tissue may serve as molecular signatures for the association between gestational tobacco smoke exposure and low birth weight. | Notes: | Nawrot, TS (reprint author), Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Hasselt, Belgium. Tim.Nawrot@uhasselt.be | Keywords: | birth weight; CYP1A1; epigenetics; DNA methylation; mitochondrial DNA content; mitochondrial DNA methylation; placental tissue; tobacco smoke | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/23173 | e-ISSN: | 1479-5876 | DOI: | 10.1186/s12967-016-1113-4 | ISI #: | 000391067400003 | Rights: | © The Author(s) 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2018 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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