Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/1942/23382
Full metadata record
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | Chossière, Guillaume P. | - |
dc.contributor.author | MALINA, Robert | - |
dc.contributor.author | Akshay Ashok, Robert | - |
dc.contributor.author | Dedoussi, Irene C. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Eastham, Sebastian D. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Speth, Raymond L. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Barrett, Steven R. H. | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-03-16T11:36:19Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2017-03-16T11:36:19Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Environmental research letters, 12 (3), p. 1-14 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 1748-9326 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/23382 | - |
dc.description.abstract | In September 2015, the Volkswagen Group (VW) admitted the use of ‘defeat devices’ designed to lower emissions measured during VW vehicle testing for regulatory purposes. Globally, 11 million cars sold between 2008 and 2015 are affected, including about 2.6 million in Germany. On-road emissions tests have yielded mean on-road NOx emissions for these cars of 0.85 g km 1, over four times the applicable European limit of 0.18 g km 1. This study estimates the human health impacts and costs associated with excess emissions from VW cars driven in Germany. A distribution of on-road emissions factors is derived from existing measurements and combined with sales data and a vehicle fleet model to estimate total excess NOx emissions. These emissions are distributed on a 25 by 28 km grid covering Europe, using the German Environmental Protection Agency’s (UBA) estimate of the spatial distribution of NOx emissions from passenger cars in Germany. We use the GEOS-Chem chemistry-transport model to predict the corresponding increase in population exposure to fine particulate matter and ozone in the European Union, Switzerland, and Norway, and a set of concentration-response functions to estimate mortality outcomes in terms of early deaths and of life-years lost. Integrated over the sales period (2008–2015), we estimate median mortality impacts from VW excess emissions in Germany to be 1 200 premature deaths in Europe, corresponding to 13 000 life-years lost and 1.9 billion EUR in costs associated with life-years lost. Approximately 60% of mortality costs occur outside Germany. For the current fleet, we estimate that if on-road emissions for all affected VW vehicles in Germany are reduced to the applicable European emission standard by the end of 2017, this would avert 29 000 life-years lost and 4.1 billion 2015 EUR in health costs (median estimates) relative to a counterfactual case with no recall. | - |
dc.description.sponsorship | We would like to thank the German Umweltbundesamt, in particular Mr Stefan Feigenspan and Mr Michael Kotzulla, for their valuable help in obtaining data on the spatial distribution of NOx emissions in Germany. | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.rights | Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. | - |
dc.subject.other | Volkswagen; air quality; human health; diesel | - |
dc.title | Public health impacts of excess NOx emissions from Volkswagen diesel passenger vehicles in Germany | - |
dc.type | Journal Contribution | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 14 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 3 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 1 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 12 | - |
local.bibliographicCitation.jcat | A1 | - |
dc.description.notes | Barrett, SRH (reprint author), MIT, Lab Aviat & Environm, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. sbarrett@mit.edu | - |
local.type.refereed | Refereed | - |
local.type.specified | Article | - |
local.class | dsPublValOverrule/author_version_not_expected | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1088/1748-9326/aa5987 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | 000396118800002 | - |
item.fullcitation | Chossière, Guillaume P.; MALINA, Robert; Akshay Ashok, Robert; Dedoussi, Irene C.; Eastham, Sebastian D.; Speth, Raymond L. & Barrett, Steven R. H. (2017) Public health impacts of excess NOx emissions from Volkswagen diesel passenger vehicles in Germany. In: Environmental research letters, 12 (3), p. 1-14. | - |
item.fulltext | With Fulltext | - |
item.validation | ecoom 2018 | - |
item.contributor | Chossière, Guillaume P. | - |
item.contributor | MALINA, Robert | - |
item.contributor | Akshay Ashok, Robert | - |
item.contributor | Dedoussi, Irene C. | - |
item.contributor | Eastham, Sebastian D. | - |
item.contributor | Speth, Raymond L. | - |
item.contributor | Barrett, Steven R. H. | - |
item.accessRights | Open Access | - |
crisitem.journal.issn | 1748-9326 | - |
crisitem.journal.eissn | 1748-9326 | - |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chossière_2017_Environ._Res._Lett._12_034014.pdf | Published version | 1.47 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
SCOPUSTM
Citations
25
checked on Sep 3, 2020
WEB OF SCIENCETM
Citations
44
checked on Sep 28, 2024
Page view(s)
82
checked on Sep 7, 2022
Download(s)
118
checked on Sep 7, 2022
Google ScholarTM
Check
Altmetric
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.