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Title: | Impacts of the Hara Biosphere Reserve on Livelihood and Welfare in Persian Gulf | Authors: | Pour, Milad Dehghani Motiee, Naser Barati, Ali Akbar Taheri, Fatemeh AZADI, Hossein Gebrehiwot, Kindeya Lebailly, Philippe VAN PASSEL, Steven WITLOX, Frank |
Issue Date: | 2017 | Publisher: | ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV | Source: | ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS, 141, p. 76-86 | Abstract: | Despite the importance of biosphere reserves in Iran's livelihood and welfare, the economic significance of Hara Biosphere Reserve has never been comprehensively studied. This study examines the current importance of Hara Biosphere Reserve (HBR) in local livelihood and welfare. Using a household survey, data were collected through a questionnaire, key informant interviews and direct observations. Two hundred and forty-four households were randomly selected from 10 villages through proportional sampling. Results showed that non-environmental income was the first driver of the total income, poverty alleviation and narrowing income inequality gap. Park income was the second. The results also showed that excluding park income from total income would significantly increase headcount poverty, widen the poverty gap, and raise the Gini coefficient. Wealthier households had the greatest absolute income from the environment, including forest, fishing and fodder. However, the poorest group had smallest absolute income from these sources. Thus, the study demonstrated that wealthier households are responsible for the overharvesting of environmental resources. Interestingly, the study showed that wealthier households are more dependent on profitable environmental incomes sources while the poorest are more dependent on non-profitable ones. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | Notes: | [Pour, Milad Dehghani; Motiee, Naser; Barati, Ali Akbar] Univ Tehran, Dept Agr Dev & Management, Karaj, Iran. [Taheri, Fatemeh] Univ Ghent, Dept Agr Econ, Ghent, Belgium. [Azadi, Hossein; Witlox, Frank] Univ Ghent, Dept Geog, Ghent, Belgium. [Azadi, Hossein; Lebailly, Philippe] Univ Liege, Econ & Rural Dev, Liege, Belgium. [Gebrehiwot, Kindeya] Mekelle Univ, Dept Land Resource Management & Environm Protect, Mekelle, Ethiopia. [Van Passel, Steven] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Hasselt, Belgium. [Van Passel, Steven] Univ Antwerp, Dept Engn Management, Antwerp, Belgium. [Witlox, Frank] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Coll Civil Aviat, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Witlox, Frank] Univ Tartu, Dept Geog, Tartu, Estonia. | Keywords: | Mangrove forest; Environmental income; Income inequality; Household economics; Natural resources management;Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/24939 | ISSN: | 0921-8009 | e-ISSN: | 1873-6106 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.05.023 | ISI #: | 000410013200008 | Rights: | © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2018 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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File | Description | Size | Format | |
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pour 1.pdf Restricted Access | Published version | 729.7 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open Request a copy |
Pour (2).pdf | Peer-reviewed author version | 915.06 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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