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Title: | DNA repair as a human biomonitoring tool: Comet assay approaches | Authors: | Azqueta, Amaya LANGIE, Sabine Boutet-Robinet, Elisa Duthie, Susan Ladeira, Carina Moller, Peter Collins, Andrew R. Godschalk, Roger W. L. |
Issue Date: | 2019 | Publisher: | ELSEVIER | Source: | MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH, 781, p. 71-87 | Abstract: | The comet assay offers the opportunity to measure both DNA damage and repair. Various comet assay based methods are available to measure DNA repair activity, but some requirements should be met for their effective use in human biomonitoring studies. These conditions include i) robustness of the assay, ii) sources of inter- and intra-individual variability must be known, iii) DNA repair kinetics should be assessed to optimize sampling timing; and iv) DNA repair in accessible surrogate tissues should reflect repair activity in target tissues prone to carcinogenic effects. DNA repair phenotyping can be performed on frozen and fresh samples, and is a more direct measurement than genomic or transcriptomic approaches. There are mixed reports concerning the regulation of DNA repair by environmental and dietary factors. In general, exposure to genotoxic agents did not change base excision repair (BER) activity, whereas some studies reported that dietary interventions affected BER activity. On the other hand, in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that nucleotide excision repair (NER) can be altered by exposure to genotoxic agents, but studies on other life style related factors, such as diet, are rare. Thus, crucial questions concerning the factors regulating DNA repair and inter-individual variation remain unanswered. Intra-individual variation over a period of days to weeks seems limited, which is favourable for DNA repair phenotyping in biomonitoring studies. Despite this reported low infra-individual variation, timing of sampling remains an issue that needs further investigation. A correlation was reported between the repair activity in easily accessible peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and intemal organs for both NER and BER. However, no correlation was found between tumour tissue and blood cells. In conclusion, although comet assay based approaches to measure BER/NER phenotypes are feasible and promising, more work is needed to further optimize their application in human biomonitoring and intervention studies. | Notes: | [Azqueta, Amaya] Univ Navarra, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, C Irunlarrea 1, Pamplona 31009, Spain. [Azqueta, Amaya] Inst Invest Sanit Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain. [Langie, Sabine A. S.] VITO Sustainable Hlth, Mol, Belgium. [Langie, Sabine A. S.] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Hasselt, Belgium. [Boutet-Robinet, Elisa] Univ Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP Purpan,UPS,Toxalim Res Ctr Food Toxicol, Toulouse, France. [Duthie, Susan] Robert Gordon Univ, Sch Pharm & Life Sci, Garthdee Rd, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, Scotland. [Ladeira, Carina] Inst Politecn Lisboa, ESTeSL Escola Super Tecnol Saude, H&TRC Hlth & Technol Res Ctr, Av D Joao II,Lote 4-69-01,Parque Nacoes, P-1990096 Lisbon, Portugal. [Ladeira, Carina] Univ Nova Lisboa, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Ctr Invest & Estudos Saude Publ, Lisbon, Portugal. [Moller, Peter] Univ Copenhagen, Sect Environm Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Oster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Collins, Andrew R.] Univ Oslo, Inst Basic Med Sci, Dept Nutr, Sognsvannsveien 9, N-0372 Oslo, Norway. [Godschalk, Roger W. L.] Maastricht Univ, Sch Nutr & Translat Res Metab NUIRIM, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Maastricht, Netherlands. | Keywords: | DNArepair;Comet assay;Humanbiomonitoring;Validation | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/30053 | ISSN: | 1383-5742 | e-ISSN: | 1388-2139 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.03.002 | ISI #: | 000482872300006 | Rights: | 019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.T | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2020 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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