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Title: | Electrodeposition and selenization of brass/tin/germanium multilayers for Cu2Zn(Sn1-xGex)Se-4 thin film photovoltaic devices | Authors: | Clauwaert, K Goossens, M DE WILD, Jessica Colombara, D Dale, PJ Binnemans, K Matthijs, E Fransaer, J |
Issue Date: | 2016 | Publisher: | PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD | Source: | Electrochimica acta, 198 , p. 104 -114 | Abstract: | Dense, closed, homogeneous brass/tin/germanium multilayers have been prepared by electrochemical methods. The stacks were electrodeposited on molybdenum-sputtered soda-lime glass. Brass was deposited first from an aqueous pyrophosphate electrolyte. Then, tin was deposited from a tin(II) pyrophosphate electrolyte. Germanium was deposited as the top film from 5 vol% GeCl4 in propylene glycol. The composition of the brass/tin/germanium stack could easily be controlled by adjustment of the charge of the deposition of each coating and with special attention to exchange reactions. The variation in film thickness was minimized by using a rotating disk electrode (RDE) sample holder with a current thief. Soft-annealing under a nitrogen atmosphere and selenization with elemental selenium resulted in dense, closed copper-poor and zinc-rich CZTGSe absorber material. P-type conductivity was confirmed by photoelectrochemistry and a first photovoltaic device showed a power conversion efficiency of 0.6% and a band gap near 1.2 eV (with Ge/(Sn + Ge) = 0.38). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | Keywords: | Electrodeposition;CZTGSe;Germanium;Kesterite;Solar cell | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/31675 | ISSN: | 0013-4686 | e-ISSN: | 1873-3859 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.03.048 | ISI #: | WOS:000373456700012 | Rights: | 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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2016_Electrodeposition and selenization of brass-tin-germanium multilayers for Cu2Zn Sn1-xGex Se4 thin film photovoltaic devices.pdf Restricted Access | Published version | 2.1 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open Request a copy |
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