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Title: | Complex interactions between bacteria and haemosporidia in coinfected hosts: An experiment | Authors: | Reinoso-Perez, Maria Teresa Dhondt, Keila, V Sydenstricker, Agnes, V HEYLEN, Dieter Dhondt, Andre A. |
Issue Date: | 2020 | Publisher: | WILEY | Source: | ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 10 (12) , p. 5801 -5814 | Abstract: | Hosts are typically coinfected by multiple parasite species whose interactions might be synergetic or antagonistic, producing unpredictable physiological and pathological impacts on the host. This study shows the interaction betweenPlasmodiumspp. andLeucocytozoonspp. in birds experimentally infected or not infected withMycoplasma gallisepticum. In 1994, the bacteriumMycoplasma gallisepticumjumped from poultry to wild birds in which it caused a major epidemic in North America. Birds infected withM. gallisepticumshow conjunctivitis as well as increased levels of corticosterone. Malaria and other haemosporidia are widespread in birds, and chronic infections become apparent with the detectable presence of the parasite in peripheral blood in response to elevated levels of natural or experimental corticosterone levels. Knowing the immunosuppressive effect of corticosterone on the avian immune system, we tested the hypothesis that chronic infections ofPlasmodiumspp. andLeucocytozoonspp. in house finches would respond to experimental inoculation withM. gallisepticumas corticosterone levels are known to increase following inoculation. Plasmodiumspp. infection intensity increased within days ofM. gallisepticuminoculation as shown both by the appearance of infected erythrocytes and by the increase in the number and the intensity of positive PCR tests. Leucocytozoonspp. infection intensity increased whenPlasmodiumspp. infection intensity increased, but not in response toM. gallisepticuminoculation.Leucocytozoonspp. andPlasmodiumspp. seemed to compete in the host as shown by a negative correlation between the changes in their PCR score when both pathogens were present in the same individual. Host responses to coinfection with multiple pathogens measured by the hematocrit and white blood cell count depended on the haemosporidian community composition. Host investment in the leukocyte response was higher in the single-haemosporidia-infected groups when birds were infected withM. gallisepticum. A trade-off was observed between the immune control of the chronic infection (Plasmodiumspp./Leucocytozoonspp.) and the immune response to the novel bacterial infection (M. gallisepticum). | Notes: | Reinoso-P?rez, MT (corresponding author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. mr833@cornell.edu |
Other: | Reinoso-P?rez, MT (corresponding author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. mr833@cornell.edu | Keywords: | coinfection;Haemorhous mexicanus;house finch;interaction;Leucocytozoon;Mycoplasma gallisepticum;nonbreeding season;Plasmodium | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/32482 | ISSN: | 2045-7758 | e-ISSN: | 2045-7758 | DOI: | 10.1002/ece3.6318 | ISI #: | WOS:000550048000001 | Rights: | This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2021 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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