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http://hdl.handle.net/1942/33124
Title: | Long-Term Cd Exposure Alters the Metabolite Profile in Stem Tissue of Medicago sativa | Authors: | GUTSCH, Annelie HENDRIX, Sophie Guerriero, G Renaut, J Lutts, S Alseekh, S Fernie, AR Hausman, JF VANGRONSVELD, Jaco CUYPERS, Ann Sergeant, K |
Issue Date: | 2020 | Publisher: | MDPI | Source: | Cells, 9 (12) (Art N° 2707) | Abstract: | As a common pollutant, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals accumulating in agricultural soils through anthropogenic activities. The uptake of Cd by plants is the main entry route into the human food chain, whilst in plants it elicits oxidative stress by unbalancing the cellular redox status. Medicago sativa was subjected to chronic Cd stress for five months. Targeted and untargeted metabolic analyses were performed. Long-term Cd exposure altered the amino acid composition with levels of asparagine, histidine and proline decreasing in stems but increasing in leaves. This suggests tissue-specific metabolic stress responses, which are often not considered in environmental studies focused on leaves. In stem tissue, profiles of secondary metabolites were clearly separated between control and Cd-exposed plants. Fifty-one secondary metabolites were identified that changed significantly upon Cd exposure, of which the majority are (iso)flavonoid conjugates. Cadmium exposure stimulated the phenylpropanoid pathway that led to the accumulation of secondary metabolites in stems rather than cell wall lignification. Those metabolites are antioxidants mitigating oxidative stress and preventing cellular damage. By an adequate adjustment of its metabolic composition, M. sativa reaches a new steady state, which enables the plant to acclimate under chronic Cd stress. | Keywords: | Medicago sativa;cadmium;primary metabolites;secondary metabolites;flavonoids;environmental stress;acclimation | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/33124 | e-ISSN: | 2073-4409 | DOI: | 10.3390/cells9122707 | ISI #: | WOS:000601892100001 | Rights: | © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2022 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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cells-09-02707-v2.pdf | Published version | 10.19 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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