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Title: | The Genetic Diversity of Rickettsiella Symbionts in Ixodes ricinus Throughout Europe | Authors: | Garcia-Vozmediano, Aitor Tomassone, Laura Fonville, Manoj Bertolotti, Luigi HEYLEN, Dieter Fabri, Nannet D. Medlock, Jolyon M. Nijhof, Ard M. Hansford, Kayleigh M. Sprong, Hein Krawczyk, Aleksandra I. |
Issue Date: | 2022 | Publisher: | SPRINGER | Source: | MICROBIAL ECOLOGY, 84(2), p. 613-626 | Abstract: | Rickettsiella species are bacterial symbionts that are present in a great variety of arthropod species, including ixodid ticks. However, little is known about their genetic diversity and distribution in Ixodes ricinus, as well as their relationship with other tick-associated bacteria. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and the genetic diversity of Rickettsiella spp. in I. ricinus throughout Europe and evaluated any preferential and antagonistic associations with Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii and the pathogens Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Borrelia miyamotoi. Rickettsiella spp. were detected in most I. ricinus populations investigated, encompassing a wide array of climate types and environments. The infection prevalence significantly differed between geographic locations and was significantly higher in adults than in immature life stages. Phylogenetic investigations and protein characterization disclosed four Rickettsiella clades (I-IV). Close phylogenetic relations were observed between Rickettsiella strains of I. ricinus and other arthropod species. Isolation patterns were detected for Clades II and IV, which were restricted to specific geographic areas. Lastly, although coinfections occurred, we did not detect significant associations between Rickettsiella spp. and the other tick-associated bacteria investigated. Our results suggest that Rickettsiella spp. are a genetically and biologically diverse facultative symbiont of I. ricinus and that their distribution among tick populations could be influenced by environmental components. | Notes: | Garcia-Vozmediano, A (corresponding author), Univ Turin, Dept Vet Sci, Lgo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.; Krawczyk, AI (corresponding author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Infect Dis Control, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands.; Krawczyk, AI (corresponding author), Wageningen Univ & Res Ctr, Lab Entomol, Wageningen, Netherlands. aitor.garciavozmediano@unito.it; laura.tomassone@unito.it; manoj.fonville@rivm.nl; luigi.bertolotti@unito.it; dheylen@itg.be; nannet.fabri@slu.se; jolyon.medlock@phe.gov.uk; Ard.Nijhof@fu-berlin.de; Kayleigh.Hansford@phe.gov.uk; hein.sprong@rivm.nl; aleksandra.i.krawczyk@gmail.com |
Keywords: | Rickettsiella; Tick-borne bacteria co-infection; Facultative symbionts;;Ixodes ricinus ecology; Tick-borne pathogens | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/35766 | ISSN: | 0095-3628 | e-ISSN: | 1432-184X | DOI: | 10.1007/s00248-021-01869-7 | ISI #: | WOS:000700999800001 | Rights: | © The Author(s) 2021 | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2022 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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s00248-021-01869-7.pdf | Published version | 2.48 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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