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Title: | Long-Term Outdoor Testing of Perovskite Mini-Modules: Effects of FACl Additives | Authors: | Paraskeva, Vasiliki Hadjipanayi, Maria Norton, Matthew AGUIRRE, Aranzazu Hadipour, Afshin SONG, Wenya Fontanot, Tommaso Christiansen, Silke Ebner, Rita Georghiou, George E. |
Issue Date: | 2023 | Publisher: | MDPI | Source: | Energies, 16 (6) (Art N° 2608) | Abstract: | The outdoor performance monitoring of perovskite modules over 16 weeks is reported. Two different types of active perovskite layers were studied: one type contained formamidinium chloride (FACl) halide additives and the other contained no additives with the main purpose to investigate performance trends during the outdoor exposure of those type of devices. Long-term side-by-side outdoor testing of devices with and without halide additives was not implemented in the past and merits investigation in order to determine the impact of additives on perovskite performance and stability. Although the two types of modules displayed similar initial outdoor performance characteristics, their outdoor performance evolution differed. Different degradation rates between the modules with and without additives were obtained just after field installation. In particular, the modules with additives exhibited higher performance degradation under open-circuit loading conditions between current-voltage (IV) scans. Long-term monitoring of both modules recorded a reduction of the efficiency over the course of the day with subsequent recovery overnight and in many cases during the day. The relative values of performance degradation and overnight recovery were calculated over the timespan of outdoor testing and indicated dominant normalized diurnal performance degradation in one type of modules (without FACl additives) in the range between 15-20% and in the other type of modules (with additives) 5-10%. The dominant normalized performance recovery values found were 25-30% and 5-10%, respectively. Finally, dark lock-in thermography (DLIT) and Raman studies were performed on the exposed devices and revealed differences in hotspot evolution and vibrational modes between the different types of module. | Notes: | Paraskeva, V (corresponding author), Univ Cyprus, FOSS Res Ctr Sustainable Energy, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 75 Kallipoleos St, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. vparas01@ucy.ac.cy |
Keywords: | perovskites;performance degradation;halide additives | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/39988 | e-ISSN: | 1996-1073 | DOI: | 10.3390/en16062608 | ISI #: | 000957932500001 | Rights: | 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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Long-Term Outdoor Testing of Perovskite Mini-Modules_ Effects of FACl Additives.pdf | Published version | 5.53 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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