Associated factors of nurse-sensitive patient outcomes: A multicentred cross-sectional study in psychiatric inpatient hospitals

Abstract

Introduction: The lack of evidence on patient characteristics and relational-contextual factors influencing nurse-sensitive patient outcomes of a nurse-patient relationship is a possible threat to the quality and education of the nurse-patient relationship.Aim: To measure nurse-sensitive patient outcomes of the nurse-patient relationship and to explore the associations between nurse-sensitive patient outcomes and a range of patient characteristics and relational-contextual factors.Method: In a multicenter cross-sectional study, 340 inpatients from 30 units in five psychiatric hospitals completed the Mental Health Nurse-Sensitive Patient Outcome Scale. Descriptive, univariate and Linear Mixed Model analyses were conducted.Results: Overall, patient-reported outcomes were moderate to good. Female participants, nurse availability when needed, more nurse contact and nurse stimulation were associated with higher outcomes. Age differences were observed for some of the outcomes. Outcomes also varied across hospitals but were not related to the number of times patients were hospitalized or to their current length of stay in the hospital.Discussion: The results may help nurses to become more sensitive and responsive to factors associated with nurse-sensitive patient outcomes of the nurse-patient relationship.Implications: The nurse-sensitive results can support nurses in designing future nurse-patient relationships.