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Title: | Inkjet Printing-Manufactured Boron-Doped Diamond Chip Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing Purposes | Authors: | Liu, Zhichao Baluchova, Simona Brocken, Bob AHMED, Essraa Buijnsters, Josephus G. POBEDINSKAS, Paulius HAENEN, Ken |
Issue Date: | 2023 | Publisher: | AMER CHEMICAL SOC | Source: | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 15 (33) , p. 39915 -39925 | Abstract: | Fabrication of patternedboron-doped diamond (BDD) inan inexpensiveand straightforward way is required for a variety of practical applications,including the development of BDD-based electrochemical sensors. Thiswork describes a simplified and novel bottom-up fabrication approachfor BDD-based three-electrode sensor chips utilizing direct inkjetprinting of diamond nanoparticles on silicon-based substrates. Thewhole seeding process, accomplished by a commercial research inkjetprinter with piezo-driven drop-on-demand printheads, was systematicallyexamined. Optimized and continuous inkjet-printed features were obtainedwith glycerol-based diamond ink (0.4% vol/wt), silicon substratespretreated by exposure to oxygen plasma and subsequently to air, andapplying a dot density of 750 drops (volume 9 pL) per inch. Next,the dried micropatterned substrate was subjected to a chemical vapordeposition step to grow uniform thin-film BDD, which satisfied thefunction of both working and counter electrodes. Silver was inkjet-printedto complete the sensor chip with a reference electrode. Scanning electronmicrographs showed a closed BDD layer with a typical polycrystallinestructure and sharp and well-defined edges. Very good homogeneityin diamond layer composition and a high boron content (& SIM;2 x10(21) atoms cm(-3)) was confirmed by Ramanspectroscopy. Important electrochemical characteristics, includingthe width of the potential window (2.5 V) and double-layer capacitance(27 & mu;F cm(-2)), were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry.Fast electron transfer kinetics was recognized for the [Ru(NH3)(6)](3+/2+) redox marker due to the highdoping level, while somewhat hindered kinetics was observed for thesurface-sensitive [Fe(CN)(6)](3-/4-) probe. Furthermore, the ability to electrochemically detect organiccompounds of different structural motifs, such as glucose, ascorbicacid, uric acid, tyrosine, and dopamine, was successfully verifiedand compared with commercially available screen-printed BDD electrodes.The newly developed chip-based manufacture method enables the rapidprototyping of different small-scale electrode designs and BDD microstructures,which can lead to enhanced sensor performance with capability of repeateduse. | Notes: | Buijnsters, JG (corresponding author), Delft Univ Technol, Dept Precis & Microsyst Engn, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands. J.G.Buijnsters@tudelft.nl |
Keywords: | boron-doped diamond;electrochemical sensor chip;inkjet printing;selective-area seeding;miniaturizedelectrodes;cyclic voltammetry | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/41501 | ISSN: | 1944-8244 | e-ISSN: | 1944-8252 | DOI: | 10.1021/acsami.3c04824 | ISI #: | 001044537100001 | Rights: | 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Open access CC-BY-4.0 | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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acsami.3c04824.pdf | Published version | 9.26 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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