Long-term stability assessment of quantum diamond magnetometers in low earth orbit

Abstract

Space magnetometry is essential for studying Earth's core and crustal processes as well as space weather monitoring. Modern mission requirements pose challenges to current sensors related to size, weight, and power restrictions while demanding highly sensitive systems. As such, recently emerging quantum sensing technologies are being explored for future Earth Observation missions. One of the promising platforms is the Nitrogen-Vacancy center in diamond. This work demonstrates an initial long-term stability assessment of a quantum diamond-based magnetometer tested in low Earth orbit aboard the International Space Station. Successful operation of the sensor for nine months is presented, where both the sensor performance and measurement parameters remained stable. The deviation of the sensor was evaluated and compared to Earth's magnetic field model, showing no degradation over the mission duration. This study points towards the viability of diamond-based sensors as a compact and stable sensing solution for future space applications.