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Title: | Internal exposure to pollutants measured in blood and urine of Flemish adolescents in function of area of residence | Authors: | Schroijen, C. Baeyens, W. Schoeters, G. Den Hond, E. Koppen, G. BRUCKERS, Liesbeth Nelen, V. De Mieroop, E. Van Bilau, M. Covaci, A. Keune, H. Loots, I. KLEINJANS, J. Dhooge, W. Van Larebeke, N. |
Issue Date: | 2008 | Publisher: | PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD | Source: | CHEMOSPHERE, 71(7). p. 1317-1325 | Abstract: | The Centre for Environment and Health in Flanders, the Northern part of Belgium, started a biomonitoring program on adolescents in 2003. 1679 adolescents residing in nine areas with different patterns of pollution participated in the study. Possible confounding effects of lifestyle and personal characteristics were taken into account. The geometric mean levels of cadmium and lead in whole blood amounted to 0.36 and 21.7 mu g l(-1), those of PCBs, DDE and HCB in serum to 68, 94 and 20.9 ng g(-1) fat, and those of 1-hydroxypyrene and t,t'-muconic acid in urine to 88 ng g(-1) creatinine and 72 mu g g(-1) creatinine. Significant regional differences in internal lead, cadmium, PCBs, DDE and HCB exposure were observed in function of area of residence, even after adjustment for age, sex, smoking (and body mass index for the chlorinated compounds). Compared to a reference mean, internal exposure was significantly higher in one or more of the areas: Cd and Pb in the Antwerp agglomeration, Cd in the Antwerp harbour, PCBs in the Ghent agglomeration, PCBs, DDE and HCB in the Ghent harbour, Cd, PCBs, DDE and HCB in the rural area, DDE in Olen and in the Albert canal areas. Adolescents living in an area with intensive fruit cultivation (showing overall the lowest values) and, surprisingly, in areas around household waste incinerators (average of six areas), had no significantly increased internal exposures. Subjects from separate areas around waste incinerators showed significant differences in body load of various environmental contaminants. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | Notes: | Vrije Univ Brussels, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. Vlaamse Instelling Technol Onderzoek, Flemish Inst Technol Res, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. Univ Hasselt, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Prov Inst Hyg, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. Univ Ghent, Dept Publ Hlth, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Univ Antwerp, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. Univ Antwerp, Fac Polit & Social Sci, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. Maastricht Univ, Dept Hlth Risk Anal & Toxicol, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands. Univ Ghent, Study Ctr Carcinogenesis & Primary Prevent Canc, Dept Radiotherapy & Nucl Med, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. | Keywords: | biomarkers; heavy metals; chlorinated compounds; urinary metabolites; health; environment | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/8272 | ISSN: | 0045-6535 | e-ISSN: | 1879-1298 | ISI #: | 000255450000014 | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2009 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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