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http://hdl.handle.net/1942/12120
Title: | Impact of time-activity patterns on personal exposure to black carbon | Authors: | DONS, Evi INT PANIS, Luc Van Poppel, Martine THEUNIS, Jan Willems, Hanny Torfs, Rudi WETS, Geert |
Issue Date: | 2011 | Publisher: | PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD | Source: | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 45 (21). p. 3594-3602 | Abstract: | Time-activity patterns are an important determinant of personal exposure to air pollution. This is demonstrated by measuring personal exposure of 16 participants for 7 consecutive days: 8 couples of which one person was a full-time worker and the other was a homemaker; both had a very different time-activity pattern. We used portable aethalometers to measure black carbon levels with a high temporal resolution and a PDA with GPS-logger and electronic diary. The exposure to black carbon differs between partners by up to 30%, although they live at the same location. The activity contributing most to this difference is transport: Average exposure in transport is 6445 ng m(-3), followed by exposure during shopping (2584 ng m(-3)). Average exposure is lowest while sleeping (1153 ng m(-3)) and when doing home-based activities (1223 ng m(-3)). Full-time workers spend almost twice as much time in transport as the homemakers. As a result of the study design we measured in several different homes, shops, cars, etc. enabling a better insight in true overall exposure in those microenvironments. Other factors influencing personal exposure are: background concentrations and location of residence in an urban, suburban or rural environment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | Notes: | [Dons, E; Panis, LI; Van Poppel, M; Theunis, J; Willems, H; Torfs, R] Flemish Inst Technol Res, B-2400 Mol, Belgium [Dons, E; Panis, LI; Wets, G] Hasselt Univ, Transportat Res Inst, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium evi.dons@vito.be | Keywords: | Air pollution; Black carbon; Personal monitoring; Exposure; Time-activity pattern; Traffic | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/12120 | ISSN: | 1352-2310 | e-ISSN: | 1873-2844 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.064 | ISI #: | 000292357400011 | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2012 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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