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Title: | The association between urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and urinary cadmium in elderly during long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure: a pilot study | Authors: | PENNEMANS, Valerie DE WINTER, Liesbeth MUNTERS, Elke NAWROT, Tim VAN KERKHOVE, Emmy RIGO, Jean-Michel Reynders, Carmen Dewitte, Harrie CARLEER, Robert PENDERS, Joris SWENNEN, Quirine |
Issue Date: | 2011 | Publisher: | BIOMED CENTRAL LTD | Source: | ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 10 | Abstract: | Background: Urinary kidney injury molecule 1 is a recently discovered early biomarker for renal damage that has been proven to be correlated to urinary cadmium in rats. However, so far the association between urinary cadmium and kidney injury molecule 1 in humans after long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure has not been studied. Methods: We collected urine and blood samples from 153 non-smoking men and women aged 60+, living in an area with moderate cadmium pollution from a non-ferrous metal plant for a significant period. Urinary cadmium and urinary kidney injury molecule 1 as well as other renal biomarkers (alpha1-microglobulin, beta2-microglobulin, blood urea nitrogen, urinary proteins and microalbumin) were assessed. Results: Both before (r = 0.20; p = 0.01) and after (partial r = 0.32; p < 0.0001) adjustment for creatinine, age, sex, past smoking, socio-economic status and body mass index, urinary kidney injury molecule 1 correlated with urinary cadmium concentrations. No significant association was found between the other studied renal biomarkers and urinary cadmium. Conclusions: We showed that urinary kidney injury molecule 1 levels are positively correlated with urinary cadmium concentration in an elderly population after long-term, low-dose exposure to cadmium, while other classical markers do not show an association. Therefore, urinary kidney injury molecule 1 might be considered as a biomarker for early-stage metal-induced kidney injury by cadmium. | Notes: | [Pennemans, V; De Winter, LM; Rigo, JM; Penders, J; Swennen, Q] Hasselt Univ, Biomed Res Inst, Diepenbeek, Belgium [Pennemans, V; De Winter, LM; Munters, E; Nawrot, TS; Van Kerkhove, E; Carleer, R] Transnat Univ Limburg, Sch Life Sci, Diepenbeek, Belgium [Munters, E; Nawrot, TS; Van Kerkhove, E; Carleer, R] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Diepenbeek, Belgium [Reynders, C; Penders, J] Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg ZOL, Dept Biol Clin, Genk, Belgium [Dewitte, H] Leuven Univ KULeuven, Dept Gen Practice, Louvain, Belgium [Dewitte, H] Primary Hlth Care Ctr GVHV, Genk, Belgium Valerie.pennemans@uhasselt.be | Keywords: | kidney injury molecule 1; cadmium; renal biomarkers; toxicity; chronic; kidney;kidney injury molecule 1; cadmium; renal biomarkers; toxicity; chronic; kidney | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/12256 | e-ISSN: | 1476-069X | DOI: | 10.1186/1476-069X-10-77 | ISI #: | 000295038500001 | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2012 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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