Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1942/12256
Title: The association between urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and urinary cadmium in elderly during long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure: a pilot study
Authors: PENNEMANS, Valerie 
DE WINTER, Liesbeth 
MUNTERS, Elke 
NAWROT, Tim 
VAN KERKHOVE, Emmy 
RIGO, Jean-Michel 
Reynders, Carmen
Dewitte, Harrie
CARLEER, Robert 
PENDERS, Joris 
SWENNEN, Quirine 
Issue Date: 2011
Publisher: BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
Source: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 10
Abstract: Background: Urinary kidney injury molecule 1 is a recently discovered early biomarker for renal damage that has been proven to be correlated to urinary cadmium in rats. However, so far the association between urinary cadmium and kidney injury molecule 1 in humans after long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure has not been studied. Methods: We collected urine and blood samples from 153 non-smoking men and women aged 60+, living in an area with moderate cadmium pollution from a non-ferrous metal plant for a significant period. Urinary cadmium and urinary kidney injury molecule 1 as well as other renal biomarkers (alpha1-microglobulin, beta2-microglobulin, blood urea nitrogen, urinary proteins and microalbumin) were assessed. Results: Both before (r = 0.20; p = 0.01) and after (partial r = 0.32; p < 0.0001) adjustment for creatinine, age, sex, past smoking, socio-economic status and body mass index, urinary kidney injury molecule 1 correlated with urinary cadmium concentrations. No significant association was found between the other studied renal biomarkers and urinary cadmium. Conclusions: We showed that urinary kidney injury molecule 1 levels are positively correlated with urinary cadmium concentration in an elderly population after long-term, low-dose exposure to cadmium, while other classical markers do not show an association. Therefore, urinary kidney injury molecule 1 might be considered as a biomarker for early-stage metal-induced kidney injury by cadmium.
Notes: [Pennemans, V; De Winter, LM; Rigo, JM; Penders, J; Swennen, Q] Hasselt Univ, Biomed Res Inst, Diepenbeek, Belgium [Pennemans, V; De Winter, LM; Munters, E; Nawrot, TS; Van Kerkhove, E; Carleer, R] Transnat Univ Limburg, Sch Life Sci, Diepenbeek, Belgium [Munters, E; Nawrot, TS; Van Kerkhove, E; Carleer, R] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Diepenbeek, Belgium [Reynders, C; Penders, J] Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg ZOL, Dept Biol Clin, Genk, Belgium [Dewitte, H] Leuven Univ KULeuven, Dept Gen Practice, Louvain, Belgium [Dewitte, H] Primary Hlth Care Ctr GVHV, Genk, Belgium Valerie.pennemans@uhasselt.be
Keywords: kidney injury molecule 1; cadmium; renal biomarkers; toxicity; chronic; kidney;kidney injury molecule 1; cadmium; renal biomarkers; toxicity; chronic; kidney
Document URI: http://hdl.handle.net/1942/12256
e-ISSN: 1476-069X
DOI: 10.1186/1476-069X-10-77
ISI #: 000295038500001
Category: A1
Type: Journal Contribution
Validations: ecoom 2012
Appears in Collections:Research publications

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