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Title: | Techno-economic and environmental evaluation of producing chemicals and drop-in aviation biofuels via aqueous phase processing | Authors: | OLCAY, Hakan MALINA, Robert Upadhye, Aniruddha A. Hileman, James I. Huber, George W. Barrett, Steven R.H. |
Issue Date: | 2018 | Source: | Energy & Environmental Science, 11 (8), p. 2085-2101 | Abstract: | Novel aqueous-phase processing (APP) techniques can thermochemically convert cellulosic biomass into chemicals and liquid fuels. Here, we evaluate these technologies through process design and simulation, and from a techno-economic and environmental point of view. This is the first peer-reviewed study that conducts such an assessment taking into account different biomass pretreatment methods, process yields, product slates, and hydrogen sources, as well as the historical price variation of a number of core commodities involved in the production. This paper undertakes detailed process simulations for seven biorefinery models designed to convert red maple wood using a set of APP technologies into chemicals (e.g. furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural and gamma-valerolactone) and liquid fuels (e.g. naphtha, jet fuel and diesel). The simulation results are used to conduct a well-to-wake (WTW) lifecycle analysis for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and minimum selling price (MSP) calculations based on historical commodity price data from January 2010 to December 2015. An emphasis has been given towards aviation fuels throughout this work, and the results have been reported and discussed extensively for these fuels. It is found that the WTW GHG emissions and the MSP of jet fuel vary across the different refinery configurations from 31.6–104.5 gCO2e per MJ (64% lower and 19% higher, respectively, than a reported petroleum-derived fuel baseline) and $1.00–6.31 per gallon ($0.26–1.67 per liter, which is 61% lower and 146% higher, respectively, than the average conventional jet fuel price of the above time frame). It has been shown that the variation in the estimated emissions and fuel selling prices is primarily driven by the choice of hydrogen source and the relative production volumes of chemicals to fuels, respectively. The latter is a consequence of the fact that the APP chemicals considered here have a higher economic value than the liquid transportation fuels, and that their production is less carbon intensive compared to these fuels. However, the chemical market may get saturated if they are produced in large quantities, and increasing biofuel production over that of chemicals can help the biorefinery benefit under renewable fuel programs. | Notes: | Malina, R (reprint author), MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Lab Aviat & Environm, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Martelarenlaan 42, B-3500 Hasselt, Belgium. | Keywords: | This work has been conducted under Projects 28 and 47 of the Partnership for Air Transportation Noise and Emissions Reduction (PARTNER), and funded by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and the Defense Logistics Agency Energy (DLA Energy) of the United States. | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/26140 | ISSN: | 1754-5692 | e-ISSN: | 1754-5706 | DOI: | 10.1039/C7EE03557H | ISI #: | 000442262900017 | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2019 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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c7ee03557h1.pdf | Supplementary material | 665.7 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
c7ee03557h.pdf | Published version | 4.7 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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