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Title: | Age-related changes in upper limb motion during typical development | Authors: | Simon-Martinez, Cristina dos Santos, Gabriela Lopes Jaspers, Ellen Vanderschueren, Ruth Mailleux, Lisa KLINGELS, Katrijn Ortibus, Els Desloovere, Kaat Feys, Hilde |
Issue Date: | 2018 | Publisher: | PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE | Source: | PLOS ONE, 13(6) (Art N° e0198524) | Abstract: | Background and aim Understanding the maturation of upper limb (UL) movement characteristics in typically developing (TD) children is key to explore UL deficits in those with neurodevelopmental disorders. Three-dimensional motion analysis (3DMA) offers a reliable tool to comprehensively evaluate UL motion. However, studies thus far mainly focused on specific pre-defined parameters extracted from kinematic waveforms. Here, we investigated age-related differences in UL movement characteristics over the entire movement cycle in TD children. Participants and methods We assessed the non-dominant UL of 60 TD children (mean age 10y3m +/- 3y1m) using 3DMA during eight tasks: reaching (forwards (RF), upwards (RU), sideways (RS)), reachto-grasp (sphere (RGS), vertical cylinder (RGV)) and activities-of-daily-living mimicking tasks (hand-to-head (HTH), hand-to-mouth (HTM), hand-to-shoulder (HTS)). We investigated differences between four age-groups (5-7y, 8-10y, 11-12y, 13-15y) in: (1) spatiotemporal parameters (movement duration, peak velocity, time-to-peak velocity and trajectory straightness), and (2) 12 UL joint angles, using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). Results We found that the 5-7y children moved with lower peak velocity and less straight trajectories compared to the 11-12y group (peak velocity: RS, HTS, p<0.01; trajectory: RU, RS, RGV, HTS, p<0.01) and the 13-15y group (peak velocity: RF, RS, RGS, RGV, HTH, HTS, p<0.01; trajectory, all tasks, p<0.01). The 5-7y children showed increased scapular protraction compared to older children (8-10y and 11-12y, HTS), as well as increased scapular medial rotation compared to the 13-15y group (RGS). During RU, the 5-7y children moved more towards the frontal plane (shoulder), unlike the 13-15y group. Lastly, the 5-7y group used less elbow flexion than older children (11-12y and 13-15y) during HTH and HTS. Discussion and conclusion In conclusion, our results point toward a maturation in UL movement characteristics up to age 11-12y, when UL motion seemed to reach a plateau. The reference values provided in this study will help to further optimize the interpretation of UL deficits in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. | Notes: | [Simon-Martinez, Cristina; Jaspers, Ellen; Vanderschueren, Ruth; Mailleux, Lisa; Klingels, Katrijn; Desloovere, Kaat; Feys, Hilde] KU Leuven Univ Leuven, Dept Rehabil Sci, Leuven, Belgium. [dos Santos, Gabriela Lopes] Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar, Dept Physiotherapy, Lab Neurol Physiotherapy Res, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Jaspers, Ellen] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Neural Control Movement Lab, Dept Hlth Sci & Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Klingels, Katrijn] Hasselt Univ, BIOMED, Rehabil Res Ctr, Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Ortibus, Els] KU Leuven Univ Leuven, Dept Dev & Regenerat, Leuven, Belgium. [Desloovere, Kaat] Univ Hosp Leuven, Clin Mot Anal Lab, Pellenberg, Belgium. | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/27356 | ISSN: | 1932-6203 | e-ISSN: | 1932-6203 | DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0198524 | ISI #: | 000434369400051 | Rights: | Copyright: © 2018 Simon-Martinez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2019 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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simon-martinez 1.pdf | Published version | 1.77 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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