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Title: | Structure and Dynamics of Confined Liquids: Challenges and Perspectives for the X-ray Surface Forces Apparatus | Authors: | Weiss, Henning Cheng, Hsiu-Wei Mars, Julian Li, Hailong Merola, Claudia RENNER, Frank Honkimaki, Veijo Valtiner, Markus Mezger, Markus |
Issue Date: | 2019 | Publisher: | AMER CHEMICAL SOC | Source: | LANGMUIR, 35 (51) , p. 16679 -16692 | Abstract: | The molecular-scale structure and dynamics of confined liquids has increasingly gained relevance for applications in nanotechnology. Thus, a detailed knowledge of the structure of confined liquids on molecular length scales is of great interest for fundamental and applied sciences. To study confined structures under dynamic conditions, we constructed an in situ X-ray surface forces apparatus (X-SFA). This novel device can create a precisely controlled slit-pore confinement down to dimensions on the 10 nm scale by using a cylinder-on-flat geometry for the first time. Complementary structural information can be obtained by simultaneous force measurements and X-ray scattering experiments. The in-plane structure of liquids parallel to the slit pore and density profiles perpendicular to the confining interfaces are studied by X-ray scattering and reflectivity. The normal load between the opposing interfaces can be modulated to study the structural dynamics of confined liquids. The confinement gap distance is tracked simultaneously with nanometer precision by analyzing optical interference fringes of equal chromatic order. Relaxation processes can be studied by driving the system out of equilibrium by shear stress or compression/decompression cycles of the slit pore. The capability of the new device is demonstrated on the liquid crystal 4'-octyl-4-cyano-biphenyl (8CB) in its smectic A (SmA) mesophase. Its molecular-scale structure and orientation confined in 100 nm to 1.7 mu m slit pores was studied under static and dynamic nonequilibrium conditions. | Notes: | Mezger, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.; Valtiner, M (reprint author), Vienna Inst Technol, Inst Appl Phys, Wiedner Hauptstr 8-10-E134, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.; Mezger, M (reprint author), Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.; Valtiner, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, Max Planck Str 1, D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany. valtiner@iap.tuwien.ac.at; mezger@mpip-mainz.mpg.de |
Other: | Mezger, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany, Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. Valtiner, M (reprint author), Vienna Inst Technol, Inst Appl Phys, Wiedner Hauptstr 8-10-E134, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, Max Planck Str 1, D-40237 Dusseldorf, German | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/30645 | ISSN: | 0743-7463 | DOI: | 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01215 | ISI #: | WOS:000505633700001 | Rights: | This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited. | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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hennig.pdf | Published version | 11.01 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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