A Review of Real-Time Safety Intervention Technologies

Abstract

Real-time interventions are in-vehicle systems which are triggered while travelling, when specific conditions occur and intend to maintain and increase the safety and comfort level of the driver. This paper aims at reviewing the existing technologies utilized for real-time interventions and driver feedback in order to assist in the i-DREAMS platform development. The results indicated that real-time interventions usually take the form of in-vehicle audio, visual or haptic warnings and are delivered via embedded devices or smartphones. The usual factors targeted through real-time interventions, included mental state of the driver (i.e. fatigue, drowsiness, distraction, stress and emotions) as well as driving performance (i.e. speed, harsh acceleration/braking, safety distance and lane-keeping). Technologies corresponding to four modes (car, truck, bus and rail) were examined, to identify systems that might perform better in a specific mode. Findings showed that there was a variety of technologies and applications for safety interventions associated with risk prevention and mitigation that could efficiently lead to improved driving performance.