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Title: | Moderate-Intensity and High-Intensity Interval Exercise Training Offer Equal Cardioprotection, with Different Mechanisms, during the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Rats | Authors: | D'HAESE, Sarah Claes , Lisa DE LAAT, Iris Van Campenhout, Sven DELUYKER, Dorien HEEREN, Ellen HAESEN, Sibren LAMBRICHTS, Ivo WOUTERS, Kristiaan Schalkwijk, Casper G. HANSEN, Dominique OP 'T EIJNDE, Bert BITO, Virginie |
Issue Date: | 2024 | Publisher: | MDPI | Source: | Nutrients, 16 (3) (Art N° 431) | Abstract: | Endurance exercise training is a promising cardioprotective strategy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the impact of its intensity is not clear. We aimed to investigate whether and how isocaloric moderate-intensity exercise training (MIT) and high-intensity interval exercise training (HIIT) could prevent the adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction that develop T2DM in rats. Male rats received a Western diet (WD) to induce T2DM and underwent a sedentary lifestyle (n = 7), MIT (n = 7) or HIIT (n = 8). Insulin resistance was defined as the HOMA-IR value. Cardiac function was assessed with left ventricular (LV) echocardiography and invasive hemodynamics. A qPCR and histology of LV tissue unraveled underlying mechanisms. We found that MIT and HIIT halted T2DM development compared to in sedentary WD rats (p < 0.05). Both interventions prevented increases in LV end-systolic pressure, wall thickness and interstitial collagen content (p < 0.05). In LV tissue, HIIT tended to upregulate the gene expression of an ROS-generating enzyme (NOX4), while both modalities increased proinflammatory macrophage markers and cytokines (CD86, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta; p < 0.05). HIIT promoted antioxidant and dicarbonyl defense systems (SOD2, glyoxalase 1; p < 0.05) whereas MIT elevated anti-inflammatory macrophage marker expression (CD206, CD163; p < 0.01). We conclude that both MIT and HIIT limit WD-induced T2DM with diastolic dysfunction and pathological LV hypertrophy, possibly using different adaptive mechanisms. | Notes: | Bito, V (corresponding author), UHasselt, Biomed Res Inst, Cardio & Organ Syst COST, Agoralaan, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. sarah.dhaese@uhasselt.be; dorien.deluyker@uhasselt.be; ellen.heeren@uhasselt.be; sibren.haesen@uhasselt.be; ivo.lambrichts@uhasselt.be; kristiaan.wouters@maastrichtuniversity.nl; c.schalkwijk@maastrichtuniversity.nl; dominique.hansen@uhasselt.be; bert.opteijnde@uhasselt.be; virginie.bito@uhasselt.be |
Keywords: | type 2 diabetes;diabetic cardiomyopathy;western diet;exercise training;cardioprotection | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/42476 | e-ISSN: | 2072-6643 | DOI: | 10.3390/nu16030431 | ISI #: | 001159402100001 | Rights: | 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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