Experimental characterization of the in-plane shear strength of unreinforced masonry walls with damp-proof course and thermal break layer

Abstract

Due to the highly demanding energy standards in Europe and challenging weather conditions, thermal break elements, such as aerated autoclaved concrete (AAC), have become increasingly popular in modern day residential buildings made of masonry cavity walls. Furthermore, a damp-proof course (DPC) layer is also used on top of the thermal break element to prevent water seeping and eventual entrapment due to capillary action. The presence of an AAC layer and of a DPC can have an adverse effect on the in-plane shear strength of a masonry wall, although information on this is barely available in the existing literature. This study aims at filling that knowledge gap through experimental investigations on traditional masonry walls and composite masonry walls, i.e. with an AAC and a DPC layer. The in-plane shear behaviour is compared between both types of wall specimens on the base of load-displacement curves and observation of failure modes. The capacity of analytical design approaches in predicting the test results has also been assessed. For the tested configurations, it can be concluded that the presence of AAC and DPC makes the failure mode switch from diagonal shear sliding combined with flexural toe crushing to horizontal shear sliding with crushing localized in the AAC layer, associated to a drop of the resistance by 6-9 % depending on the type of clay units and mortar. The proposed analytical method, derived from EN 1996-1-1, is providing a safe estimate of the test results with a similar level of accuracy for traditional and composite configurations (predicted values in the range of 75-86 % of the measured values). Finally, the influence of the definition of the compressed length and of the shear span ratio are shortly discussed. List of symbols and abbreviations Symbols ​ ​ e Eccentricity between wall central axis and the axis of the reaction force V Rd,f Shear force corresponding to M Rd , shear span = 1.0 f b Normalized compressive strength of masonry units V Rd,s1 In-plane resistance to sliding shear f d Design compressive strength of masonry V Rd,s2 In-plane resistance to diagonal shear f k Characteristic compressive strength of masonry V Rd,u Ultimate in-plane shear resistance f v0 Mean initial shear strength Φ Reduction factor f vd Design shear strength of masonry γ M Partial safety factor for material (continued on next page) * Corresponding author. Universiteit Hasselt-Campus Diepenbeek, Kantoor ACB 2 1Applicatiecentrum beton en bouw,