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Title: | Longitudinal trajectories of muscle impairments in growing boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy | Authors: | Vandekerckhove, Ines van den Hauwe, Marleen Dewit, Tijl MOLENBERGHS, Geert Goemans, Nathalie De Waele, Liesbeth Van Campenhout, Anja De Groote, Friedl Desloovere, Kaat |
Editors: | Bardhan, Mainak | Issue Date: | 2025 | Publisher: | PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE | Source: | Plos One, 20 (3) (Art N° e0307007) | Abstract: | Background Insights into the progression of muscle impairments in growing boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) remain incomplete due to the frequent oversight of normal maturation as a confounding factor, thereby restricting the delineation of sole pathological processes. Objective To establish longitudinal trajectories for a comprehensive integrated set of muscle impairments, including muscle weakness, contractures and muscle size alterations, while correcting for normal maturation, in DMD. Methods Thirty-three boys with DMD (aged 4.3-17 years) were included. Fixed dynamometry, goniometry, and 3D freehand ultrasound were used to repeatedly assess lower limb muscle strength, passive range of motion (ROM) and muscle size, resulting in 161, 178 and 64 assessments for the strength, ROM and ultrasound dataset, respectively. To account for natural strength development, ROM reduction, and muscle growth in growing children, muscle outcomes were converted to unit-less z-scores calculated in reference to typically developing (TD) peers. This allows the interpretation of the muscle outcomes as deficits or alterations with respect to TD. Mixed-effect models estimated the longitudinal change in muscle impairments. Results At 4.3-4.9 years of age, all muscle strength outcomes and several ROMs (i.e., dorsiflexion, hamstrings, and hip extension) showed deficits relative to TD, while m. medial gastrocnemius size was increased. Most muscle outcomes remained stable or slightly improved until the ages of 6.6-9.4 years (except knee flexion strength). After this period, muscle strength (-0.27 to -0.45 z-score/year; p < 0.0044), dorsiflexion ROM (-0.23 to -0.33 z-score/year; p < 0.0007), m. medial gastrocnemius size (-0.56 z-score/year; p = 0.0022), and m. rectus femoris size (-0.36 z-score/year; p = 0.0054) declined. Conclusions The current study established longitudinal trajectories of muscle impairments in boys with DMD. The results provided enriched history data and revealed promising outcome measures that could enhance the detection of the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies. Future studies are necessary to validate these outcomes. | Notes: | Desloovere, K (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Rehabil Sci, Leuven, Belgium.; Desloovere, K (corresponding author), Univ Hosp Leuven, Clin Mot Anal Lab, Pellenberg, Belgium. kaat.desloovere@kuleuven.be |
Keywords: | Humans;Male;Child;Adolescent;Child, Preschool;Longitudinal Studies;Muscle Weakness;Ultrasonography;Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne;Muscle Strength;Muscle, Skeletal;Range of Motion, Articular | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/45914 | DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0307007 | ISI #: | 001462283600079 | Datasets of the publication: | https://doi.org/10.48804/ONRNG0 | Rights: | 2025 Vandekerckhove et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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