Advancing knowledge translation processes in motor rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder: insights from a scoping review

Abstract

Background Early motor rehabilitation improves daily functioning and quality of life for children with cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder, but evidence-based practices are often underused in clinical settings. Knowledge translation supports the application of research findings into clinical practice, yet knowledge translation processes in paediatric motor rehabilitation are highly variable, and there is limited understanding of how they are designed or how clinicians and caregivers are engaged. Methods Following a scoping review methodology, we identified studies on motor rehabilitation for children and adolescents (0-21 years) with cerebral palsy and/or developmental coordination disorder that reported on a knowledge translation process. Charted data included study characteristics, use of knowledge translation theory, and structure of the knowledge translation process. A narrative synthesis and content analysis were used to identify themes across studies. Results This review included 17 articles. 14 studies reported using knowledge translation theories, most commonly the Knowledge-to-Action (KTA) framework, though their application was selective and inconsistent. Knowledge translation steps were applied variably in number and sequence, spanning the creation of evidence to the assessment of its implementation, long-term outcomes measures were often missing. Clinicians were primarily engaged as data sources, using varied methods and timing. Self-reported measures of evidence-based practice knowledge and use were the most frequently measured outcomes. Conclusions To further understand knowledge translation in motor rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder, we need clearer reporting of decision-making within knowledge translation processes, more systematic application of theory, long-term study designs, and standardised methods for stakeholder engagement. Strengthening the practical relevance of knowledge translation in paediatric motor rehabilitation also requires greater recognition of clinicians' and caregivers' perspectives and their active engagement in decision-making. These improvements can support more consistent implementation of evidence-based motor rehabilitation practices and ultimately improve outcomes for children with cerebral palsy and developmental coordination disorder.