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Title: | Growth, electronic properties and applications of nanodiamond | Authors: | WILLIAMS, Oliver NESLADEK, Milos DAENEN, Michael Michaelson, S. Hoffman, A. Osawa, E. HAENEN, Ken Jackman, R.B. |
Issue Date: | 2008 | Publisher: | ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA | Source: | DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS, 17(7-10). p. 1080-1088 | Abstract: | Nanodiamond or nanocrystalline diamond is a broad term used to describe a plethora of materials. It is generally accepted that nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) consists of facets less than 100 nm in size, whereas a second term "ultrananocrystal line diamond" (UNCD) has been coined to describe material with grain sizes less than 10 rim. These differences in morphology originate in the growth process. Conventional hydrogen rich gas phases produce facetted diamond with grain size proportional to film thickness and low sp(2) content. If these films are thin the grains can be less than 100 nm and hence NCD. By starving the plasma of hydrogen, the reduction in etching of sp(2) can lead to re-nucleation. At the extreme this results in very small grain sizes of around 3-5 nm, UNCD. The electronic properties of these two materials are vastly different. NCD is basically very thin microcrystalline diamond and thus can be doped with boron. It is intrinsically transparent, with absorption increasing with doping level. UNCD is highly absorbing due to its higher sp2 content, and exhibits a reduced bandgap due to disorder. By adding nitrogen to the gas phase, the density of states within the bandgap increases and ultimately metallic conductivity can be achieved. This conductivity is n-type but not doping. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | Notes: | [Williams, O. A.; Nesladek, M.; Daenen, M.; Haenen, K.] Hasselt Univ, Inst Mat Res, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Williams, O. A.; Nesladek, M.; Haenen, K.] IMEC VZW, Div IMOMEC, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Nesladek, M.] CEA Saclay, CEA LIST Rech Technol, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Michaelson, S.; Hoffman, A.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Sch Fac Chem, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Osawa, E.] Shinshu Univ, NanoCarbon Res Inst, Fac Text Sci & Technol, AREC, Ueda, Nagano 3868567, Japan. [Jackman, R. B.] UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, London WC1H 0AH, England. | Keywords: | nanocrystalline; nanoparticles; chemical vapour deposition; optoelectronic properties | Document URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1942/8543 | ISSN: | 0925-9635 | e-ISSN: | 1879-0062 | DOI: | 10.1016/j.diamond.2008.01.103 | ISI #: | 000259598300012 | Category: | A1 | Type: | Journal Contribution | Validations: | ecoom 2009 |
Appears in Collections: | Research publications |
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